Wealdendas Englalandum |
Wealdendas Scotlandum |
Nama |
Reign |
Notes |
Nama |
Reign |
Notes |
The West-Seaxe |
The House of Alpin |
|
Kenneth I |
843–858 |
Ǣrest cyning ofer Pictum and Scottum |
Donald I |
858–862 |
Kennethes I brōðor |
Constantine I |
862–877 |
Kenneth I's son |
Ælfrēd se Grēata |
871–899 |
Recognised as leader of all free Angelcynn under the Treaty of Wedmore, 878 |
Áed |
877–878 |
Kennethes I sunu |
Eochaid |
878–889 |
Áed's nephew
Jointly with Giric ? |
Giric |
878–889 |
Áed's first cousin ? |
Donald II |
889–900 |
Constantines I sunu |
Ēadweard se Ieldra |
899–924 |
Ælfrēdes sunu |
Constantine II |
900–943 |
Áedes sunu |
Ælfweard |
924 |
Ēadweardes sunu, cyning of Wessex only |
Aðelstān |
924–939 |
Ēadweardes sunu, ǣrest de facto cyning ofer eall Englaland. |
Ēadmund I |
939–946 |
Ēadweardes sunu |
Malcolm I |
943–954 |
Donaldes II son |
Ēadred |
946–955 |
Ēadweardes sunu |
Indulf |
954–962 |
Constantines II sunu |
Ēadwig |
955–959 |
Ēadmundes sunu |
Ēadgar the Peaceable |
959–975 |
Ēadmundes sunu |
Dub |
962–966 |
Malcolmes I sunu |
Cuilén |
966–971 |
Indulfes sunu |
Kenneth II |
971–? |
Malcolmes I sunu |
Ēadweard se Martyr |
975–978 |
Ēadgares sunu |
Amlaíb |
?–977 |
Indulfes sunu |
Kenneth II |
977–995 |
2nd reign |
Æthelrǣd Unræd |
978–1013
1014–1016 |
Ēadgares sunu |
Constantine III |
995–997 |
Cuilénes sunu |
Kenneth III |
997–1005 |
Dubes sunu |
Malcolm II |
1005–1034 |
Kennethes II sunu |
Ēadmund Ironside |
1016 |
Æthelrǣdes sunu |
The Denisc Kings
Both the Saxon and Danish royal houses claimed the English throne, 1013 to 1016. Denmark and Englaland had the same king from 1016 to 1042. |
Sweyn Forkbeard |
1013–1014 |
|
Canute se Grēata |
1016–1035 |
Sweynes sunu |
Duncan I |
1034–1040 |
Malcolmes II suna sunu |
Harold Harefoot |
1035–1040 |
Canutes sunu |
Harthacanute |
1040–1042 |
Canutes sunu |
Macbeth |
1040–1057 |
Kenneth III's granddaughter's husband |
The Westseaxe Restoration |
Ēadweard se Andettere |
1042–1066 |
Æthelrǣdes sunu |
Lulach |
1057–1058 |
Kenneth III's great-grandson, Macbeth's step-son and cousin |
The House of Dunkeld |
Malcolm III |
1058–1093 |
Duncanes I sunu |
Harold Godwinson |
1066 |
Ēadweard se Andettere's brother-in-law, also descended from Alfred's brother Æthelrǣd |
Ēadgar Æðeling |
1066 |
Grandson of Ēadmund Ironside |
The Normans
After the Norman Conquest in 1066, numbering of kings (a French tradition never used by the English prior to that date) begins. |
Wilhelm se Gehīersumiend |
1066–1087 |
Distant kinsman of Ælfrēd se Grēata |
Wilhelm II, Rufus |
1087–1100 |
Wilhelmes I sunu, descendant of Ælfrēd se Grēata |
Donald III |
1093–1094
1094–1097 |
Duncanes I sunu |
Duncan II |
1094 |
Malcolmes III sunu |
Ēadgar |
1097–1107 |
Malcolmes III sunu |
Henry I |
1100–1135 |
Wilhelmes I sunu, descendant of Ælfrēd se Grēata |
Alexander I |
1107–1124 |
Malcolmes III son |
David I |
1124–1153 |
Malcolmes III sunu |
Stephen |
1135–1154 |
Williames I grandson |
Malcolm IV |
1153–1165 |
Davides I grandson |
The Angevins or Plantagenets
The Royal House name changed to reflect Matilda's marriage to Geoffrey Plantagenet. |
Matilda (Empress Maud) |
1141 |
Henry I's daughter, Ēadmund Ironside's great-great-granddaughter |
Henry II |
1154–1189 |
Matildas sunu |
Wilhelm I |
1165–1214 |
David I's grandson |
Richard I, the Lionheart |
1189–1199 |
Henrys II sunu |
Monarchs of England and Ireland
In 1199, John, already Hlāford Īrlandes, inherited the English throne. The title "Hlāford Īrlandes" was used until it was replaced by "Cyning Īrlandes" in 1542. |
Iohannes "Lackland" |
1199–1216 |
Henrys II sunu |
Alexander II |
1214–1249 |
Wilhelmes I sunu |
Henry III |
1216–1272 |
Iohannes sunu |
Alexander III |
1249–1286 |
Alexanderes II sunu |
Ēadweard I "Langscancan" |
1272–1307 |
Henrys III sunu |
Margaret |
1286-1290 |
Alexander III's granddaughter, never inaugurated |
The House of Balliol
When Margaret died in 1290 there was no clear heir. King Edward I of England adjudged the claims of Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale and John Balliol in Balliol's favour. |
Iohannes |
1292–1296 |
David I's great-great-great-grandson |
The House of Bruce
When John Balliol rebelled, the Wars of Scottish Independence commenced, during which Robert se Bruce wearþ cyninge. |
Robert I |
1306–1329 |
David I's great-great-great-great-grandson |
Ēadweard II |
1307–1327 |
Ēadweardes I sunu |
Ēadweard III |
1327–1377 |
Ēadweardes II sunu |
David II |
1329–1371 |
Robertes I sunu |
The House of Balliol
For a period of time, both Edward Balliol and David II claimed the throne. |
Edward Balliol |
1332–1336 |
John Balliol's son |
The House of Stuart
Engaged to the Dauphin at age five, Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots was thus brought up in the French court where she became "Marie Stuart, Reine de l'Écosse," etc., to render the sound of 'Stewart' into French as accurately as possible. Mary kept the French spelling on her return to Scotland in 1560. |
Robert II |
1371–1390 |
Robert I's grandson |
Richard II |
1377–1399 |
Edward III's grandson |
Robert III |
1390–1406 |
Robert II's son |
The House of Lancaster
Henry Bolingbroke deposed Richard II, and the Royal House name came to reflect Henry's father's title, Duke of Lancaster. |
Henry IV |
1399–1413 |
Edward III's grandson |
James I |
1406–1437 |
Robert III's son |
Henry V |
1413–1422 |
Henry IV's son |
Henry VI |
1422–1461
1470–1471 |
Henry V's son |
James II |
1437–1460 |
James I's son |
James III |
1460–1488 |
James II's son |
The House of York
The Houses of Lancaster and York had fought the Wars of the Roses, and the Yorkists took the throne. |
Ēadwēard IV |
1461–1470
1471–1483 |
Ēadweard III's great-great-grandson |
Ēadweard V |
1483 |
Ēadweard IV's sunu |
Richard III |
1483–1485 |
Edward IV's brother |
The House of Tudor
The Lancastrian Henry Tudor reclaimed the throne from the Yorkists. |
Henry VII |
1485–1509 |
Edward III's great-great-great-grandson |
James IV |
1488–1513 |
James III's son |
Henry VIII |
1509–1547 |
Henry VII's son, Edward IV's grandson |
James V |
1513–1542 |
James IV's son |
Mary I |
1542–1567 |
James V's daughter |
Ēadweard VI |
1547–1553 |
Henry VIII's son |
Jane |
1553 |
Henry VII's great-granddaughter. Not generally noted as officially queen[1][2] |
Mary I |
1553–1558 |
Henry VIII's daughter |
Elisabeþ I |
1558–1603 |
Henry VIII's daughter |
James VI |
1567–1625 |
Mary I's son |
Monarchs of England, Scotland, and Ireland
In 1603, James VI of Scotland inherited the English throne upon the death of Elizabeth I in what is known as the Union of the Crowns. From then until 1707, England, Scotland, and Ireland had shared monarchs. |
The House of Stuart |
Nama |
Reign |
Notes |
James I (England)
James VI (Scotland) |
1603–1625 |
Son of Mary, Queen of Scots; great-great-grandson of Henry VII of England; first to be styled "King of Great Britain" (1604)
|
Charles I |
1625–1649 |
James VI & I's son |
The Period of Interregnum, (Commonwealth and Protectorate)
England had no king from 1649 to 1660, but the constitutional status of the government was never clear. For example, the Long Parliament, up until its dissolution on 20 April 1653, was commonly recognised as a Republic. It, however, styled itself as a Commonwealth. Following the dissolution of the Rump, a Nominated Assembly was formed. Not until Cromwell accepted the Instrument of Government on 15 December 1653 did the constitutional status of the regime change. From then on Oliver Cromwell was styled as Lord Protector, ruling through two Protectorate Parliaments. In 1659, Richard Cromwell abdicated, returning power to Parliament until the Stuart Restoration in 1660. |
Nama |
Reign |
Notes |
Oliver Cromwell |
1653–1658 |
|
Richard Cromwell |
1658–1659 |
Oliver Cromwell's son |
The House of Stuart (restored) |
Nama |
Reign |
Notes |
Charles II |
1660–1685 England
1649-1651 and 1660–1685 Scotland
(1649–1685 de jure) |
Charles I's elder son (crowned at Scone, in Scotland, 1651). He officially dated his reign from his father's death |
James II (England)
James VII (Scotland) |
1685–1689 |
Charles I's younger son |
Mary II |
1689–1694 |
James II's elder daughter
Joint sovereign with her husband, William III, II and I |
Wilhelm III (Englaland)
Wilhelm II (Scotland)
Wilhelm I (Ireland) |
1689–1702 |
Charles I's grandson
Jointly with his wife, Mary II |
Anne |
1702–1707
(full reign: 1702–1714) |
James II's dohtor |
Monarchs of Great Britain and Ireland
In 1707, the Act of Union merged the Cynerīce Englalandes and the Cynerīce Scotlandes into the Cynerīce Grēatbryttenes. |
The House of Stuart (continued) |
Nama |
Reign |
Notes |
Anne |
1707–1714
(full reign: 1702–1714) |
James II's daughter |
The House of Hanover
Under the Act of Settlement 1701, the English (thus, the successor British) throne could only be held by a Protestant. Sophia of Hanover, the nearest such relative, thus became statutorily designated as the next heir. She died shortly before Anne, and her place was taken by her son, who thus founded the House of Hanover (aka Guelph and Brunswick). |
George I |
1714–1727 |
James I's great-grandson |
George II |
1727–1760 |
George I's son |
George III |
1760–1801
(full reign: 1760–1820) |
George II's grandson |
Monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
In 1801, the Act of Union combined the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland into the United Kingdom. |
The House of Hanover (continued) |
Nama |
Reign |
Notes |
George III |
1801–1820
(full reign: 1760–1820) |
George II's grandson |
George IV |
1820–1830 |
George III's son |
Wilhelm IV |
1830–1837 |
George III's son |
Victoria |
1837–1901 |
George III's granddaughter |
The House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
The Royal House name was changed to reflect Victoria's marriage to Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, but she herself remained a member of the House of Hanover. |
Ēadweard VII |
1901–1910 |
Victoria's son |
George V |
1910–1917
(full reign: 1910–1936) |
Edward VII's son |
The House of Windsor
The name of the Royal House changed from Saxe-Coburg-Gotha to Windsor in 1917 due to anti-German sentiments during World War I. |
George V |
1917–1927
(full reign: 1910–1936) |
Edward VII's son |
Monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
In 1922, the Irish Free State left the United Kingdom. The name of the Kingdom was amended in 1927 to reflect the change. Between 1927 and the passage of the Republic of Ireland Act in 1949 George V, Edward VIII, and George VI were also styled "King of Ireland". |
The House of Windsor (continued) |
Nama |
Reign |
Notes |
George V |
1927–1936
(full reign: 1910–1936) |
Edward VII's son |
Ēadweard VIII |
1936 |
George V's son; abdicated |
George VI |
1936–1952 |
Edward VIII's brother (and George V's son) |
Elisabeþ II |
6 February 1952- |
George VI's daughter; also queen of 15 other sovereign kingdoms. |
|