Maximiliano II de Baviera

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Maximiliano II de Baviera (28 de noviembre de 1811 - 10 de marzo de 1864), rey de Baviera entre 1848 y 1864. Era hijo de Luis I de Baviera y de Teresa de Sajonia-Altenburgo.

[editar] El príncipe heredero

Tras estudiar en Gotinga y Berlin y recorrer Alemania, Italia y Grecia, fue introducido por su padre en el consejo de estado bávaro en 1836. Desde un principio manifestó disposición para el estudio, declarando alguna vez que si no hubiera nacido como príncipe hubiera sido profesor. Desde aquella época, en el castillo de Hohenschwangau, cerca de Füssen, al que hizo reconstruir con excelente gusto, creo una intima sociedad de artistas e intelectuales que dedicaron su tiempo a los estudios históricos y científicos.

[editar] Su reinado

Cuando la abdicación de Luis I (28 de marzo 1848), repentinamente le llamó al trono, su elección de ministros prometía un régimen liberal.

The progress of the revolution, however, gave him pause. He strenuously opposed the unionist plans of the Frankfurt Parliament, refused to recognize the imperial constitution devised by it, and assisted Austria in restoring the federal diet and in carrying out the federal execution in Hesse and Holstein. Although, however, from 1850 onwards his government tended in the direction of absolutism, he refused to become the tool of the clerical reaction, and even incurred the bitter criticism of the Ultramontanes by inviting a number of celebrated men of learning and science (e.g. Liebig and Sybel) to Munich, regardless of their religious views. Finally, in 1859, he dismissed the reactionary ministry of Ludwig Karl Heinrich von der Pfordten, and met the wishes of his people for a moderate constitutional government.

In his German policy he was guided by the desire to maintain the union of the princes, and hoped to attain this as against the perilous rivalry of Austria and Prussia by the creation of a league of the "middle" and small states - the so-called Trias. In 1863, however, seeing what he thought to be a better way, he supported the project of reform proposed by Austria at the Furstentag of Frankfurt. The failure of this proposal, and the attitude of Austria towards the Confederation and in the Schleswig-Holstein question, undeceived him; but before he could deal with the new situation created by the outbreak of the war with Denmark he died suddenly at Munich, on March 10, 1864.

Maximilian was a man of amiable qualities and of intellectual attainments far above the average, but as a king he was hampered by constant ill health, which compelled him to be often abroad, and when at home to live much in the country. By his wife, Marie Friederike Franziska Hedwig, daughter of Prince William of Prussia, whom he married in 1842, he had two sons, Luis II de Baviera and Otto de Baviera, both of whom lost their reason.

[editar] Enlaces extenos

• The King's portrait

Este artículo incorpora texto de la Encyclopædia Britannica de 1911 (dominio público).