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Jedynka hiperboliczna - Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia

Jedynka hiperboliczna

Z Wikipedii

Jedynka hiperboliczna to tożsamość hiperboliczna postaci:

cosh2x − sinh2x = 1

spełniona dla każdej rzeczywistej lub zespolonej wartości x.

[edytuj] Dowód

Sposób 1.:

Jak wiemy

\sinh x = {e^x - e^{-x}\over 2}

\cosh x = {e^x + e^{-x}\over 2}

Stąd

\cosh ^2 x  - \sinh ^2 x  = 
\left( {e ^x + e ^{-x} \over 2} \right) ^2 - \left( {e ^x - e ^{-x} \over 2}  \right) ^2 = \, = \left( {e ^x + e ^{-x} \over 2} - {e ^x - e ^{-x} \over 2} \right) \cdot
\left( {e ^x + e ^{-x} \over 2} + {e ^x - e ^{-x} \over 2} \right) = \, = \left( {e ^x + e ^{-x} + (- e ^x) + e ^{-x} \over 2} \right) \cdot
\left( {e ^x + e ^{-x} + e ^x - e ^{-x} \over 2} \right) =

= {2 e ^{-x} \over 2} \cdot {2 e ^x \over 2} = e ^{-x} \cdot e ^x =1, c.b.d.o.

Sposób 2.:

Skorzystamy z:

\cosh x = \cos (ix) \,

\sinh x = -i \sin (ix) \,

Stąd

\cosh ^2 x  - \sinh ^2 x  = \cos ^2 (ix) - \left( -i \sin (ix) \right) ^2 = 
=\cos ^2 (ix) - (-i) ^2 \cdot \sin ^2 (ix) = \cos ^2 (ix) - (-1) ^2 i ^2 \cdot  \sin ^2 (ix)= 
= \cos ^2 (ix) - i ^2 \sin ^2 (ix) =\cos ^2 (ix) + \sin ^2 (ix) = 1 \,
, c.b.d.o.

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